中等強度急性健身運動對早產兒計畫執行功能之影響

Effects of Planning-Related Executive Functions in Preterm Born Children Following Acute Exercise at Moderate Intensity

10.5297/ser.201803_20(1).0002

馮勝賢(Sheng-Hsien Feng)；陳豐慈(Feng-Tzu Chen)；陳代聖(Tai-Sheng Chen)；粘瑞狄(Jui-Ti Nien)；張育愷(Yu-Kai Chang)

身體活動 ； 執行控制 ； 倫敦塔作業 ； physical activity ； executive control ； Tower of London task

大專體育學刊

20卷1期（2018 / 03 / 31）

16 - 28

繁體中文;英文

早產兒與較低的執行功能間有關聯，而急性健身運動已被發現與增進孩童執行功能有關；然而，是否急性健身運動對執行功能之影響可擴及至早產兒仍未知。此外，過去研究多聚焦於抑制或認知彈性等類別，相較於計畫相關執行功能則較少。為此，本研究目的在探討急性健身運動對早產兒計畫執行功能之影響。本研究招募20位青春前期階段之早產兒，以平衡次序法進行健身運動與控制情境之介入。健身運動情境係以30分鐘之中等強度腳踏車有氧運動進行介入，包含5分鐘熱身、20分鐘60 ~ 65%儲備心跳率之強度，及5分鐘緩和。控制情境則以相同時間觀閱影片進行。在任一情境後，則立即執行倫敦塔作業之量測。結果發現，相較於控制情境，早產兒在健身運動情境展現較少總移動次數、較少總執行時間，及較少總問題解決時間等；而兩種情境在總正確數與總起初時間則無顯著之差異。本結論為中等強度急性健身運動可增進早產兒之執行計畫品質與計畫效率，其單次運動後可促進覺醒水準之機制，進而改善執行功能表現。本研究結果可提供早產兒族群健身運動處方之依據以改善執行功能。

It has been found that preterm born children are associated with reduced executive functions. Besides, research indicated that an acute exercise is a potential approach for improving the executive functions in children. However, whether these beneficial effects of exercise can be extended to preterm born children is remains unknown. In addition, majority of the studies examining the association between acute exercise and cognitive functions focused only on some specific executive functions, such as inhibition and cognitive flexibility, but no studies examined the planning. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of acute exercise on the planning aspect of executive functions in preterm born children. Twenty preterm born child participants were recruited and were assigned into either experimental or control sessions by a counterbalanced design. In the experimental session, participants performed aerobic exercise on a cycling ergometer. Exercise comprised of a 5 minutes warm-up, 20 minutes exercise at an intensity of 60% to 65% heart rate reserve, and a 5-minute cool-down. In the control session, participants were asked to watch videos. Immediately following each session, participants were asked to perform a Tower of London task. Results revealed that participants in the exercise session exhibited a lesser total move score, shorter total executive function time and shorter total problem-solving time compared to the participants in control session. However, there was no significant difference between the sessions in total correct scores and total initial times. We concluded that the acute exercise performed at moderate intensity enhanced the quality of the subjects’ executive planning and efficiency of planning. The underlying mechanism might then explained as when individuals undergoing this type of exercise modality enhanced their mental arousal and subsequently beneficial to executive functions. We recommend health and exercise professionals can use exercise as a prescription to improve the cognitive function of preterm born children.

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1. 蕭姵臻,陳豐慈,張育愷(2019)。早產兒認知功能與身體活動之文獻回顧。中華體育季刊，33(4)，251-260。
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