题名

重建大學課程的意義與策略初探:來自建構大學系所學生專業能力的經驗反思

并列篇名

Reconstructing a College Curriculum: Reflections from an Experience Constructing College Students' Professional Competencies

DOI

10.6151/CERQ.2011.1901.02

作者

宋明娟(Min-Chuan Sung);甄曉蘭(Sharon Hsiao-Lan Chen)

关键词

大學課程 ; 課程發展 ; 專業能力 ; 高等教育 ; college curriculum ; curriculum development ; professional competencies ; higher education

期刊名称

當代教育研究季刊

卷期/出版年月

19卷1期(2011 / 03 / 30)

页次

55 - 100

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

近年來,高等教育議題紛擾不斷,但有關「學生應有怎樣的學習經驗」、「系所應如何規劃課程」、「應培養學生具備怎樣的能力」等,卻是嚴重被忽略的議題。基於課程承載教育的目的、意義、功能及價值,面對當前強調發展學生專業能力的高等教育品質提升訴求,實有必要認真檢視、重建高等教育的系所課程結構。基於此,本文根據某大學教育研究單位協助校內共22個系所建構學生專業能力的經驗,探討重建大學課程的意義與策略。首先,論及大學系所學生專業能力的建構與課程發展之關係,指出大學課程發展的動態歷程、系所課程發展的決策模式,以及大學系所學生專業能力與課程發展的定位。其次,討論建構大學系所學生專業能力的思考向度,包括專業能力的面向、專業能力的情境評估以及權重考量等,進而根據以專業能力為取向的課程發展衡量因素,提出八項應用原則與實例。最後,則就參與系所在建構學生專業能力的過程中所提出的爭議問題,反思重建大學課程所面對的挑戰。希冀透過本文所呈現的經驗反思,對國內高等教育課程重建的策略思維能有所助益。

英文摘要

Although there is heated debate in higher education concerning what students should experience in university, how the curriculum should be organized, and the competencies students should be equipped with upon graduation, there is little serious effort toward answering these questions. Since a curriculum reflects the mission, meaning, function, and value of a university, quality assurance in higher education requires that colleges and universities periodically review the curriculum and make changes if necessary. The purpose of this paper was to explore the principles and strategies used in reconstructing a college curriculum. Twenty-two departments and graduate institutes voluntarily participated in a university-wide identification of the professional competencies students should be equipped with upon graduation. The authors first explored the relationship between constructing students' professional competencies and the dynamic process of curriculum development. Then, the authors discussed the imperative considerations in the construction of students' professional competencies. In the discussion, guiding principles and illustrative examples are provided for the constructive thinking of a ”professional competency-oriented” college curriculum design. Finally, based on the issues raised in the process of constructing students' professional competencies, the authors reflect critically on the challenges confronted in the reconstruction of a college curriculum. It is hoped that through engaging in critical reflection, this paper can provide useful recommendations for curriculum deliberation in higher education.

主题分类 社會科學 > 教育學
参考文献
  1. Tyler, R. W. (1949). Basic principles of curriculum and instruction. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  2. 教育部顧問室 (2008)。大專院校人文教育體檢計畫97年度中文與歷史聯合學門座談會會議資料。未出版,臺北。[Ministry of Education Advisory Office (2008). Examination of the humanities eduation in colleges and universities: The report of 2008 Chinese and History inter-discipline conference, unpublished conference paper, Taipei, Taiwan.]。
  3. 臺灣大學課程地圖 (2008)。2008年12月10日,取自http://140.112.59.160/NTU_CurriculumMapping/index.htm。[Curriculum Mapping of National Taiwan University (2008). Retrieved December 10, 2008, from http://140.112.59.160/NTU_CurriculumMapping/index.htm]
  4. Bath, D.,Smith, C.,Stein, S.,Swann, R.(2004).Beyond mapping and embedding graduate attributes: Bringing together quality assurance and action learning to create a validated and living curriculum.Higher Education Research & Development,23(3),313-328.
  5. Bok, D. C.(2006).Our underachieving colleges: A candid look at how much students learn and why they should learn more.Princeton, NJ:Princeton University Press.
  6. Cheetham, G.,Chivers, G.(1998).The reflective (and competent) practitioner: A model of professional competence which seeks to harmonise the reflective practitioner and competence-based approaches.Journal of European Industrial Training,22(7),267-276.
  7. Cheetham, G.,Chivers, G.(1996).Toward a holistic model of professional competence.Journal of European Industrial Training,20(5),20-30.
  8. Cheetham, G.,Chivers, G.(2005).Professionals, competence and informal learning.Northampton, MA:Edward Elgar.
  9. Dahlgren, M. A.,Reid, A.,Dahlgren, L. O.,Petocz, P.(2008).Learning for the profession: Lessons from linking international research projects.Higher Education,56,129-148.
  10. Hunkins, F. P.(1980).Curriculum development: Program improvement.Columbus, OH:Merrill.
  11. Kaneko, M.(2009).General vs. specialized education in higher education in the context of universalizes higher education.International Forum on Higher Education,Taipei, Taiwan:
  12. Lattuca, L. R.,Stark, J. S.(2009).Shaping the college curriculum: Academic plans in context.San Francisco, CA:Jossey-Bass.
  13. Ornstein, A. C.,Hunkins, F. P.(2004).Curriculum: Foundations, principles, and issues.Boston, MA:Allyn and Bacon.
  14. Schön, D.(1987).Educating the effective practitioner.San Francisco, CA:Jossey-Bass.
  15. Schön, D.(1983).The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action.New York:Basic Books.
  16. Taba, H.(1962).Curriculum development: Theory and practice.New York:Harcourt, Brace & World.
  17. Tariq, V. N.,Scott, E. M.,Cochrane, A. C.,Lee, M.,Ryles, L.(2004).Auditing and maping key skills within university curricula.Quality assurance in Education,12(2),70-81.
  18. Williams, K.(2008).Troubling the concept of the 'academic profession' in 21st century higher education.Higher Education,56,533-544.
  19. 李坤崇(2010)。大學核心能力與能力指標之建置。教育研究月刊,190,107-122。
  20. 李坤崇(2009)。成果導向教育的大學課程革新。教育研究月刊,181,100-116。
  21. 李坤崇(2009)。大學課程地圖理念、繪製與類型。教育研究月刊,187,86-115。
  22. 李坤崇(2009)。成果導向的課程發展模式。教育研究月刊,186,39-58。
  23. 李坤崇、張金淑(2009)。大學課程發展模式。教育研究月刊,186,19-38。
  24. 金耀基(2000)。大學之理念。香港=Hong, Kong:牛津大學=Oxford University Press。
  25. 國立臺灣師範大學教育研究與評鑑中心(2009)。,臺北=Taipei, Taiwan:作者=Author。
  26. 張鴻德(2009)。從就業力指標系統談科技大學之課程規劃與教學改進─南台科技大學。教育研究月刊,186,75-88。
  27. 郭為藩(2004)。轉變中的大學:傳統、議題與前景。北京=Beijing:北京大學=Peking University Press。
  28. 黃光雄、蔡清田(1999)。課程設計─理論與實際。臺北=Taipei, Taiwan:五南=Wu-Nan。
  29. 黃政傑(1991)。課程設計。臺北=Taipei, Taiwan:東華=Tunghua。
  30. 楊維邦(2009)。國立東華大學學程化新課規─兼具培育跨領域能力之模組化課程規劃。教育研究月刊,186,100-110。
  31. 葉連祺(2002)。九年一貫課程與基本能力轉化。教育研究月刊,96,49-63。
  32. 劉開鈴(2008)。大學校院人文教育總體檢。評鑑,14,39-42。
  33. 樊愛群、郭建志、饒忻、許政行(2009)。談中原大學以學生基本能力培育落實大學教育之發展。教育研究月刊,186,59-74。
  34. 蔣偉寧(2009)。提升學生在校學習成效與就業基本能力。國際高等教育論壇,臺北=Taipei, Taiwan:
被引用次数
  1. 葛惠敏、李隆盛、王玫婷(2017)。普通大學校訂基本素養與學生養成能力之契合度分析。課程與教學,20(1),73-104。
  2. 簡瑋成(2017)。大學學校經營、課程設計與大學生核心能力之相關性探究。教育學誌,37,113-148。
  3. 賴慧敏、蕭錫錡、鄭博文、陳清檳(2015)。大學畢業生取得證照與薪資所得─傾向分數配對法之分析。當代教育研究季刊,23(1),071-111。
  4. 蘇盈儀,繆妮晏,姜兆眉(2020)。社會建構教育學之在地實踐:自我覺察督導模式應用於大學層級諮商實習課程。教育研究集刊,66(4),39-77。
  5. 王嘉陵(2014)。課程地圖將導引大學課程走向何處?對大學課程地圖的的檢視。課程與教學,17(3),23-38。
  6. (2013)。檢視大學畢業生薪資取得之決定因素:人力資本論與訊號理論的對話。教育政策論壇,16(1),1-37。