题名

大學生學習動機之「雙因素模式」:學業認同與角色認同之功能

并列篇名

A Two-Factor Model of Learning Motivation for Chinese Undergraduates: On the Function of Academic Identity and Role Identity

DOI

10.6129/CJP.20120717

作者

陳舜文(Shun-Wen Chen);魏嘉瑩(Chia-Ying Wei)

关键词

內在動機 ; 角色義務 ; 華人成就目標 ; 學習動機 ; Chinese achievement goals ; intrinsic motivation ; learning motivation ; role obligation

期刊名称

中華心理學刊

卷期/出版年月

55卷1期(2013 / 03 / 01)

页次

41 - 55

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

過去許多研究指出,華人學生的學習動機具有文化特殊性,難以完全以西方動機理論作解釋。本研究根據「華人成就動機理論架構」,針對華人學生的學習動機,提出「雙因素模式」。此模式認為,華人學生的學習動機不但源自對學科的自發興趣與效能感,也與個體對於社會角色義務之主觀認同有關。本研究參與者為176名大學生(女性101名,男性75名),採用問卷法,以自編量表測量參與者之實際學習經驗。本研究針對「雙因素模式」,以結構方程模式進行徑路分析,結果顯示:(1)參與者之「學業認同」與「學習滿意度」具有正向關聯、(2)「角色認同」與「學業投入」具有正向關聯、(3)「學業投入」與「學業表現」也具有正向關聯,並且(4)「學習滿意度」為「學業認同」與「學業投入」的完全中介變項。本研究結果支持研究假設與理論模式,對於本土學習動機理論與教育實踐皆具參考價值。

英文摘要

According to the theoretical framework of Chinese goals of achievement (Chen, Wang, Wei, Fwu, & Hwang, 2009), the learning behaviors of Chinese students are motivated by both intrinsic interests in achieving academic goals and role obligations attached to social expectations. However, the hypothesis of social-psychological functions of students' role identity has not been examined by previous studies. In the present study, the authors propose a ”twofactor model” of learning motivations to elaborate on the relationships among Chinese students' academic identity, role identity, learning satisfaction, academic engagement, and performance. Scales were developed to measure students' learning experiences in real life. Participants include 176 undergraduates (101 females, 75 males) from two universities in Taiwan. The results of path model analysis showed that: (1) students' academic identity was positively correlated with their learning satisfaction; (2) students' role identity was positively correlated with their academic engagement; (3) students' academic engagement was positively correlated with their academic performance; and (4) students' learning satisfaction was the complete mediator of the relationship between their academic identity and academic engagement. The theoretical and practical implications of the results were discussed.

主题分类 社會科學 > 心理學
参考文献
  1. 王秀槐、黃金俊(2010)。擇其所愛、愛其所擇:從自我決定理論看大學多元入學制度中學生的科系選擇與學習成果。教育科學研究期刊,55(2),1-27。
    連結:
  2. 黃光國(2004)。儒家社會中的生活目標與角色義務。本土心理學研究,22,121-192。
    連結:
  3. Krause, K. L. (2005). Understanding and promoting student engagement in university learning communities.Retrieved June 1, 2009, from http://www.deakin.edu.au/herg/assets/resources/StudengKrause.pdf
  4. Abes, E. S.,Jones, S. R.,McEwen, M. K.(2007).Reconceptualizing the model of multiple dimensions of identity: The role of meaning-making capacity in the construction of multiple identities.Journal of College Student Development,48,1-22.
  5. Aitken, N. D.(1982).College student performance, satisfaction and retention.Journal of Higher Education,53,32-50.
  6. Anctil, T. M.,Ishikawa, M. T.,Scott, A. T.(2008).Academic ident i ty development through sel f-determination: Successful college students with learning disabilities.Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals,31,164-174.
  7. Astin, A. W.(1993).What matters in college?: Four critical years revisited.San Francisco, CA:Jossey-Bass.
  8. Atkinson, J. W.(1964).An introduction to motivation.Princeton, NJ:Van Nostrand.
  9. Bean, J. P.,Bradley, R. K.(1986).Untangling the satisfaction-performance relationship for college students.Journal of Higher Education,57,393-412.
  10. Boggiano, A. K.(Ed.),Pittman, T. S.(Ed.)(1992).Achievement and motivation: A social-developmental perspective.New York:Cambridge University Press.
  11. Bolliger, D. U.,Martindale, T.(2004).Key factors for determining student satisfaction in online courses.International Journal on E-learning,3,61-67.
  12. Boyd, V. S.,Hunt, P. F.,Kandell, J. J.,Lucas, M. S.(2003).Relationship between identity processing style and academic success in undergraduate students.Journal of College Student Development,44,155-167.
  13. Chen, S. W.,Hsieh, H. C.,Huang, L. L.(2011).Learning satisfaction of undergraduates in single-sexdominated academic fields in Taiwan.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,15,2487-2493.
  14. Chen, S. W.,Wang, H. H.,Wei, C. F.,Fwu, B. J.,Hwang, K. K.(2009).Taiwanese students' selfattributions for two types of achievement goals.Journal of Social Psychology,149,179-193.
  15. Chien, C. L.,Huang, L. L.(2010).The social representations of students' rights and obligations in Taiwan.10th International Conference on Social Representations,Tunis, Tunisia:
  16. D''Ailly, H.(2003).Children's autonomy and perceived control in learning: A model of motivation and achievement in Taiwan.Journal of Educational Psychology,95,84-96.
  17. Deci, E. L.,Ryan, R. M.(1987).The support of autonomy and the control of behavior.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,53,1024-1037.
  18. Deci, E. L.,Ryan, R. M.(1985).Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior.New York:Plenum.
  19. Deci, E. L.,Ryan, R. M.(2000).The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior.Psychological Inquiry,11,227-268.
  20. Dweck, C. S.(2006).Mindset: The new psychology of success.New York:Random House.
  21. Dweck, C. S.(1986).Motivational processes affecting learning.American Psychologist,41,1040-1048.
  22. Edwards, J. E.,Waters, L. K.(1982).Involvement, ability, performance, and satisfaction as predictors of college attrition.Educational and Psychological Measurement,42,1149-1152.
  23. Festinger, L.(1957).A theory of cognitive dissonance.Stanford, CA:Stanford University Press.
  24. Fishbein, M.,Ajzen, I.(2005).Theory-Based behavior change interventions: Comments on Hobbis and Sutton.Journal of Health Psychology,10,27-31.
  25. Hwang, K. K.(2012).Foundat ions of Chine s epsychology: Confucian social relations.New York:Springer.
  26. Hwang, K. K.(2001).The deep structure of Confucianism: A social psychological approach.Asian Philosophy,11,179-204.
  27. Iyengar, S. S.,Lepper, M. R.(1999).Rethinking the value of choice: A cultural perspective on intrinsic motivation.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,76,349-366.
  28. Kitayama, S.,Markus, H. R.,Matsumoto, H.,Norasakkunkit, V.(1997).Individual and collective processes in the construction of the self: Self enhancement in the United States and self-criticism in Japan.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,72,1245-1267.
  29. Li, J.(2003).U.S. and Chinese cultural beliefs about learning.Journal of Educational Psychology,95,258-267.
  30. Liu, R.,Liu, R.(2004).Satisfaction and performance: A reciprocal model.Annual Forum of the Association for Institutional Research,Boston, MA.:
  31. Lounsbury, J. W.,Huffstetler, B. C.,Leong, F. T. L.,Gibson, L. W.(2005).Sense of identity and collegiate academic achievement.Journal of College Student Development,46,501-514.
  32. Madden, T. J.,Ellen, P. S.,Ajzen, I.(1992).A comparison of the theory of planned behavior and the theory of reasoned action.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,18,3-9.
  33. Munro, D.(Ed.),Shumaker, J. F.(Ed.),Carr, S. C.(Ed.)(1997).Motivation and culture.New York:Routledge.
  34. National Survey of Student Engagement(2008).,未出版
  35. Pike, G. R.(1991).The effect s of background, coursework, and involvement on students' grades and satisfaction.Research in Higher Education,32,15-30.
  36. Pike, G. R.,Simpson, M. E.(1997).The relationship between academic achievement and satisfaction: Evidence of moderating effects for academic and social integration.Annual Forum of the Association for Institutional Research,Orlando, FL.:
  37. Ryan, R. M.(1982).Control and information in the intrapersonal sphere: An extension of cognitive evaluation theory.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,43,450-461.
  38. Taugh, A.(1982).The adult's learning projects (2nd ed.).Ontario, CA:The Ontario Institute for Studies in Education.
  39. Umbach, P. D.,Porter, S. R.(2002).How do academic departments impact student satisfaction?.Research in Higher Education,43,209-234.
  40. Wigfield, A.,Eccles, J. S.(2000).Expectancy-Value theory of achievement motivation.Contemporary Educational Psychology,25,68-81.
  41. 余安邦、楊國樞(1991)。成就動機本土化的省思。中國人‧中國心─人格與社會篇,台北=Taipei:
  42. 李亦園編、楊國樞編(1972)。中國人的性格。台北=Taipei:中央研究院民族學研究所=Institute of Ethonogy, Academia Sinica。
  43. 祝康偉(2005)。碩士量產粗製濫造─研究所大學化時代來臨。Career就業情報,354,82-87。
  44. 陳其南(1987)。儒家文化與傳統商人的職業倫理。當代,10,54-61。
  45. 陳舜文(2005)。Taipei,國立台灣大學心理學研究所=National Taiwan University。
  46. 陳源林(2007)。大專校院職涯輔導策略之研究。台北=Taipei:教育部=Ministry of Education。
  47. 薛凱方(2011)。Taipei, Taiwan,國立政治大學教育研究所=National Chengchi University。
被引用次数
  1. 蔡昆麟,黃囇莉(2022)。重回正軌:大學生為何、如何中斷學業拖延。中華心理學刊,64(4),413-444。
  2. 曾瑞蓮,林之丞(2020)。自我修養於高中生科學活動滿意度與科學探究能力之中介角色探討研究。國立虎尾科技大學學報,35(1),23-37。
  3. 陳敏郎(2021)。多元教學方法於基礎性專業課程之教學實踐研究。弘光學報,88,69-87。
  4. 陳舜文,符碧真,危芷芬,王秀槐(2021)。華人的學業成就目標與儒家倫理觀:兼回應「台灣青少年是否認為努力與學業成就關乎道德?」一文。中華心理學刊,63(4),357-372。
  5. 陳舜文,王冠樺(2020)。父母努力信念對兒童學習投入之預測效果:以兒童知覺父母與自身努力信念為中介。本土心理學研究,54,63-111。
  6. 陳思宇(2019)。臺灣親子衝突研究之回顧與展望。清華教育學報,36(2),159-192。
  7. 郭丁熒(2016)。「恨鐵不成鋼」與「恰如其分」:不同年代出生者對目前大學生角色知覺之研究。教育學誌,36,1-54。
  8. 黃源河、符碧真(2016)。實地學習:銜接師資培育理論與實務的藥方?。教育科學研究期刊,61(2),57-84。
  9. 簡晉龍,黃仲平,許詩淇(2022)。師不能嚴,道亦難尊?當代華人「尊師」之雙重內涵、功能及轉化。本土心理學研究,58,61-117。
  10. 簡洧晴,陳慧娟(2020)。大學生選課後悔與動機干擾研究:檢驗後悔因應策略的中介效果與社會支持的調節效果。教育科學研究期刊,65(2),277-312。
  11. 賴佳菁,劉錫吾(2021)。女性業餘圍棋活動參與者學習認同與學習行為之研究。嶺東學報,48,423-446。
  12. 賴睿成(2017)。臺灣高職全民國防教育教學之研究:以ARCS 動機模式為例。國際文化研究,13(1),123-165。
  13. 藍菊梅(2022)。運用合作學習及社區實作在兒童相關課程之學習成效。輔導與諮商學報,44(2),1-32。
  14. 雷庚玲、張泰銓(2018)。台灣青少年是否認為努力與學業成就關乎道德?。中華心理學刊,60(3),151-172。
  15. 梁竣凱,李慧潔(2022)。員工自願學習行為中介歷程之研究:心理-社會工作依賴與工作投入之影響。應用心理研究,77,1-51。
  16. 林政佑,王秀槐(2020)。Learning for Duty or Enjoyment: Two Paths to Fulfillment in Learning for Taiwanese High School Students in the Confucian Cultural Context。教育科學研究期刊,65(1),271-296。
  17. 林之丞(2018)。博物館高齡志工之成就動機與自我調控學習-自我修養之中介效果。博物館學季刊,32(4),47-67+69。
  18. 彭耀平、何希慧(2016)。臺灣與中國大陸深圳地區大學生學習動機與學習成效關係發展之比較:以學習模式為中介變項。教育實踐與研究,29(1),139-172。
  19. 阮孝齊(2015)。國中學生學校歸屬感影響模式之研究。當代教育研究季刊,23(3),81-123。
  20. 楊蕙芬(2019)。臺灣非正規教育課程教學策略與學習成效之研究。當代教育研究季刊,27(1),79-112。
  21. 張映芬(2021)。情緒勞務策略組型及其與相關因素之關係:質、量觀點的個人中心分析。教育心理學報,52(3),595-617。
  22. (2017)。台灣大專生學習動機對學習成效影響之研究:以學習投入為中介變項。高等教育,12(1),105-142。
  23. (2017)。影響大學新生學習投入因素之研究:建構未來時間觀之學習歷程模式。教育政策論壇,20(3),95-130。
  24. (2018)。從自我決定觀點探討經濟弱勢大學生學習動機與學習成效關係之研究─以學習模式為中介變數。教育與心理研究,41(1),61-91。
  25. (2018)。大學生學習動機、學習情緒及心流體驗對於學習成就影響之研究。中正教育研究,17(2),30-41。
  26. (2023)。五專學生知覺學習動機、學習策略與自我導向學習成效關係之研究——以彈性學習課程為例。教育行政與評鑑學刊,34,39-72。
  27. (2024)。大學生學習動機、學習自我效能在實體授課與遠距教學之間的關係:以創造力人格特質為調節變項。數位學習科技期刊,16(2),79-106。
  28. (2024)。後疫情時代如何促進公務人員數位學習動機與學習效能之研究:工作熱情之調節效果。數位學習科技期刊,16(1),57-84。